THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF ULTRASOUND METHODS IN DETECTING DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS OF THE LOWER LIMBS (A COMPARATIVE RETROSPECTIVE STUDY)
Keywords:
deep vein thrombosis, dopplerography, duplex scan, compression tests, COVID-19Abstract
There are a group of diseases and factors that increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In 1.3-1.55% of patients, DVT occurs even 1-3 months after COVID-19. The purpose of the study is to examine the incidence of DVT before and during the COVID-19 pandemic through a retrospective analysis of duplex compression ultrasound examinations. In total, duplex scanning protocols and their results in 3612 patients were retrospectively analyzed (before the pandemic - 1group (n = 2068 patients), during the pandemic - 2group (n = 2335 patients)). The results showed that in conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of DVTs detected by ultrasound increased statistically significantly or 3.8 times (from 3.9% to 14.9%). During the pandemic, in people 18-44 years old the number of DVTs increased from 24 .2% to 29.8%, in 60-74 years old - from 28.8% to 30.9%, and in 45-59 years old there was a decrease from 47% to 39.3%, which did not reach statistical significance. The increase in the incidence of DVT is not associated with gender and age. Further prospective studies are needed to analyze the incidence of DVT during the pandemic.
References
Bulatov VL, Ilyukhin EA, Fomin KN, Galchenko MI, Rosukhovskii DA, Porembskaya OYa, Grigoryan AG, Kalyshev RS. Immediate and early results of catheter-directed thrombolysis for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis: a pilot study. Flebologiya. 2019;13(3):211-219. (In Russ.).
Buryachkovskaya LI, Melkumyants AM, Lomakin NV, Antonova OA, Ermiskin VV. Injury of vascular endothelium and erythrocytes in COVID-19 patients. Consilium Medicum. 2021; 23 (6): 469–476. (In Russ.).
Becker R.C. COVID-19 update: Covid-19-associated coagulopathy //J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 50(1):54–67.
Lim W., Le Gal G., Bates S.M., et al. American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: diagnosis of venous thromboembolism //Blood Adv. 2018; 2(22):3226–3256. do
Giannis D., Allen S.L., Tsang J., et al. Postdischarge thromboembolic outcomes and mortality of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: the CORE-19 registry //Blood. 2021; 137(20):2838-2847.
Ambulkar R., Parab S.Y., Vignesh B., et al. A prospective study to evaluate the use of surveillance venous ultrasonography to detect incidence of deep venous thrombosis following neurosurgical excision of brain tumors //J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2023; 14(2):252-257.
Heit J.A., Spencer F.A., White R.H. The epidemiology of venous thromboembolism //J Thromb Thrombolysis 2016; 41(1):3–14.
Huertas A., Montani D., Savale L., et al. Endothelial cell dysfunction: a major player in SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19)? //Eur Respir J. 2020 30;56(1):2001634.
Klok F.A., Kruip M., van der Meer N.J.M., et al. Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19 //Thromb Res 2020; 191:145–147.
Li P., Zhao W., Kaatz S., Latack K., Schultz L., Poisson L. Factors Associated With Risk of Postdischarge Thrombosis in Patients With COVID-19 //JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(11):e2135397.
Li L., Zhen J., Huang L., et al. The risk factors for deep venous thrombosis in critically ill older adult patients: a subgroup analysis of a prospective, multicenter, observational study //BMC Geriatr 2022; 22(1), 977.
Panigada M., Bottino N., Tagliabue P., et al. Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit: A report of thromboelastography findings and other parameters of hemostasis //J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:1738-1742.
Poissy J., Goutay J., Caplan M., et al. Pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients: awareness of an increased prevalence //Circulation 2020; 142: 184–186.
Prins, M. H., Lensing, A. W. A., Prandoni P., et al. Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism according to baseline risk factor profiles //Blood advances, 2018; 2(7), 788-796.
Raskob G.E., Spyropoulos A.C., Cohen A.T., et al. Association Between Asymptomatic Proximal Deep Vein Thrombosis and Mortality in Acutely Ill Medical Patients //J Am Heart Assoc. 2021; 10(5):e019459.
Szeghy R.E., Province V.M., Stute N.L., Augenreich M.A., et al. Carotid stiffness, intima-media thickness and aortic augmentation index among adults with SARS-CoV-2 //Exp Physiol. 2022; 107(7):694-707.
Shakhanova Sh.Sh., Abdurakhmonov J.A., Rakhimov, N.M.. (2023). Targeted therapy in the palliative treatment of platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer complicated by ascites. The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research, 5(08), 77–81.
Teuwen L.A., Geldhof V., Pasut A., Carmeliet P. COVID-19: the vasculature unleashed //Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20(7):389-391.
Varga Z., Flammer A.J., Steiger P., et al. Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19 //Lancet 2020; 395(10234):1417–1418.
Wichmann D., Sperhake J.P., Lütgehetmann M., et al. Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with COVID-19: A Prospective Cohort Study //Ann Intern Med 2020; 173:268-277.
Zuker H.R., Ayalon D.I., Berant R., et al. Comparison between two point and three-point compression ultrasound for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis //J Thromb Thrombolysis 2018; 45(01):99-105.
Статья поступила в редакцию 29.10.2023; одобрена после рецензирования 22.12.2023; принята к публикации 25.12.2023.
The article was submitted 29.10.2023; approved after reviewing 22.12.2023; accepted for publication 25.12.2023.
Информация об авторах:
Жураев Зохиджон Абдужалилович- ассистент кафедры ультразвуковой диагностики Центра развития профессиональной квалификации медицинских работников, Ташкент, Узбекистан, Е-mail: zettamed@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5562-1299
Розыходжаева Гульнора Ахмедовна- доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделением функциональной диагностики Центральной клинической больницы № 1 Главного медицинского управления при Администрации Президента Республики Узбекистан, Ташкент, Узбекистан, Е-mail: gulnoradm@inbox.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-9375
Источники финансирования: Работа не имела специального финансирования.
Конфликт интересов: Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов, связанных с публикацией настоящей статьи.
Вклад авторов:
Жураев З.А. — идеологическая концепция работы, сбор и анализ источников литературы, написание текста;
Розыходжаева Г.А. — идеологическая концепция работы, написание текста; редактирование статьи;
Information about the authors:
Juraev Zokhidjon Abdujalilovich, Assistant, Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Center for the Development of Professional Qualifications of Medical Workers, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, zettamed@gmail.com
Rozikhodjaeva Gulnora Ahmedovna, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Functional Diagnostics, Central Clinical Hospital№1 of the Head Medical Department under the Administration of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, gulnoradm@inbox.ru
Sources of funding: The work did not receive any specific funding.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no explicit or potential conflicts of interest associated with the publication of this article.
Contribution of the authors:
Juraev ZA— ideological concept of the work, collection and analysis of literature sources, writing the text;
Rozikhodjaeva GA — ideological concept of the work, writing the text; editing the article;