IMPROVEMENT OF TREATMENT METHODS FOR PAINFUL DYSFUNCTIONAL SYNDROME OF THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT IN PATIENTS WITH MANDIBULAR FRACTURES

Abstract

The aim of this study is to develop and clinically validate the effectiveness of an improved treatment strategy for painful temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction in patients with mandibular fractures. The relevance of this issue is determined by the high prevalence of traumatic injuries of the mandible, which are often accompanied by the development of secondary functional disorders of the TMJ. The painful form of dysfunction significantly reduces patients’ quality of life, complicates the rehabilitation process, and may contribute to the development of chronic pain syndrome as well as persistent disorders of masticatory function. During the study, the approaches currently used in clinical practice for the diagnosis and treatment of painful TMJ dysfunction were examined, and their main limitations were identified, which served as the basis for the development of a comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation algorithm. The proposed complex includes gentle immobilization methods, individualized physiotherapeutic measures, myogymnastics, pharmacological support, and, when indicated, minimally invasive interventions. Special attention was given to the early detection of dysfunctional disorders using modern instrumental diagnostic methods such as magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound examination, and electroneurography, which makes it possible to objectively assess the condition of joint structures and masticatory muscles. The clinical study conducted in patients with various types of mandibular fractures demonstrated that the use of the proposed комплекс contributes to a faster and more stable achievement of favorable clinical outcomes. A significant reduction in pain intensity, an increase in the range of motion in the joint, and an earlier recovery of masticatory function compared with traditional treatment regimens were established. In addition, favorable changes in the psychoemotional state of patients were noted, manifested in reduced anxiety levels and improved sleep quality.