SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS IN TODAY’S OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY: TRENDS AND LITERATURE INSIGHTS
Keywords:
sensorineural hearing loss, occupational noise, audiometry, mobile audiometry, digital technologies, prevention, rehabilitationAbstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is one of the most common disorders of the auditory system and represents a significant medical and social problem worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, more than 1.5 billion people globally experience some degree of hearing impairment, with a substantial proportion associated with occupational noise exposure and age-related changes. The aim of this review is to analyze current scientific data on the prevalence, risk factors, pathogenetic mechanisms, and modern approaches to the prevention, diagnosis, and rehabilitation of sensorineural hearing loss. The review is based on the analysis of recent national and international publications devoted to the epidemiology of hearing disorders, the impact of occupational noise, the role of neuro-sensory and neuroendocrine mechanisms, as well as the potential of digital technologies for early detection of hearing impairment. Particular attention is paid to the prospects of mobile audiometry and digital health applications for hearing screening and monitoring of auditory function. The findings indicate that the implementation of modern digital technologies and improvement of preventive programs may significantly increase the effectiveness of early diagnosis and rehabilitation of patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
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