EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN AND THE DEGREE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI CONTAMINATION IN ESOPHAGEAL CANCER PATIENTS
Keywords:
эпидемиология рака пищевода, заболеваемость, распространённость, Helicobacter pyloriAbstract
The article presents an epidemiological analysis of esophageal cancer (EC) in the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period 2001–2024 and evaluates the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among patients with this disease. During the study period, 20,829 EC cases were registered, with a decreasing trend in incidence from 3.9 per 100,000 population in 2007 to 2.0 in 2023. The highest incidence was observed in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, confirming its status as an endemic region.
Most patients were over 60 years of age (56.5%), with a peak in the 60–74 age group (43.5%). The incidence among men was higher than among women (2:1). At the same time, 68.3% of cases were diagnosed at stages III–IV, which accounts for the low five-year survival rate (up to 25.4%).
Among 93 examined patients, 41 (44%) cases of EC were associated with H. pylori. The geographic distribution of H. pylori-associated EC did not correspond to the overall epidemiology of the disease, with the highest frequency observed in the Surkhandarya region. A predominance of women was noted among infected patients.
The obtained data indicate regional characteristics of EC and the possible role of H. pylori in its pathogenesis, which requires further research.
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