ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER: CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS AT THE PRESENT STAGE
Keywords:
acute rheumatic fever, secondary prevention, children, present stageAbstract
Today, despite advances in treatment and prevention, the issue of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) remains relevant among pediatricians and otolaryngologists. Rheumatic carditis, complicated by ARF, is considered the primary reason for hospitalizations in cardiology departments for patients aged 5 to 24 years. Globally, according to WHO statistics, approximately 500 thousand people contract rheumatic fever each year, with 300 thousand of them developing ARF, leading to heart defects. These complications constitute the primary cause of disability. As indicated by foreign literature sources, the etiology of ARF development is Group A Streptococcus (GAS). Unfortunately, the epidemiology of this infection has changed significantly in recent years. The outdated term "rheumatism," traditionally associated with rheumatology, has fallen out of use. Instead, we now employ the term "acute rheumatic fever," as per the classification, which is more justified. Using the term acute rheumatic fever prompts the physician to clarify the role of GABHS infection in this pathology, emphasizing the need for prescribing antibiotics to eradicate the pathogen during the acute period (primary prevention) and prevent recurrent episodes (secondary prevention). According to the ICD-X revision (WHO, Geneva, 1995), ARF falls under class IX, "diseases of the circulatory system," specifically under headings I00 and I05 as independent disease groups, identified as distinct nosological forms. This classification appears justified concerning treatment strategies for patients and in supporting primary and secondary prevention efforts.
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Статья поступила в редакцию 26.12.2023; одобрена после рецензирования 15.02.2024; принята к публикации 20.02.2024.
The article was submitted 26.12.2023; approved after reviewing 1.02.2024; accepted for publication 20.02.2024.
Информация об авторах:
Мухамадиева Лола Атамуродовна- д.м.н., профессор кафедры педиатрии № 3 и медицинской генетики Самаркандского государственного медицинского университета, Самарканд, Узбекистан. Е-mail: mlola@bk.ru. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1042-9479
Умарова Саодат Сулаймоновна- ассистент кафедры педиатрии № 3 и медицинской генетики Самаркандского государственного медицинского университета, Самарканд, Узбекистан. Е-mail: osiyo1608@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9074-0285
Кулдашев Сардор Фуркатович- ассистент кафедры педиатрии № 3 и медицинской генетики Самаркандского государственного медицинского университета Самарканд, Узбекистан. Е-mail: SardorF15@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9650-4980
Источники финансирования: Работа не имела специального финансирования.
Конфликт интересов: Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов, связанных с публикацией настоящей статьи.
Вклад авторов:
Мухамадиева Л.А. — идеологическая концепция работы, написание текста; редактирование статьи;
Умарова С.С. — сбор и анализ источников литературы, написание текста.
Кулдашев С.Ф. — сбор и анализ источников литературы.
Information about the authors:
Lola A. Muchamadiyeva — DSc, professor, Department of Pediatrics No. 3 and Medical Genetics of Samarkand State Medical University; Е-mail: mlola@bk.ru. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1042-9479
Saodat S. Umarova — assistante. Department of Pediatrics No. 3 and Medical Genetics of Samarkand State Medical University; Е-mail: osiyo1608@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9074-0285
Sardor F. Quldashev- assistante. Department of Pediatrics No. 3 and Medical Genetics of Samarkand State Medical University. Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Е-mail: SardorF15@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9650-4980
Sources of funding: The work did not receive any specific funding.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no explicit or potential conflicts of interest associated with the publication of this article.
Contribution of the authors:
Muchamadiyeva LA — ideological concept of the work, writing the text; editing the article;
Umarova SS — collection and analysis of literature sources, writing the text.
Quldashev SF— collection and analysis of literature sources.
