THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN ATHLETES
Keywords:
immune system, athletes, mechanisms, immunocompetent cells, theoretical approachAbstract
This article examines the importance of the immune system and its impact on sports activity. The immune system is a complex of organs widely distributed in the body. The main components of the immune system interact closely with the central nervous system and are subject to neuroendocrine regulation. according to recent studies, in total, the mass of organs and cells of the immune system is more than 5 kg, while the mass of the liver is about 2 kg, the intestinal microflora is from 2 to 5 kg. Lymphocytes, representing the main population of the cellular composition of the immune system, have a mass of 1-1.5 kg, monocytes, macrophages, both tissue and circulating – from 600 to 800 gr. The total content of lymphocytes is 1013, that is, every tenth human cell, there are only 0.2-2% in the peripheral blood, but 109 lymphocytes pass through the lymph nodes in 1 hour. The functioning of the immune system is carried out using three levels of protection provided by immunocompetent cells. The theory of stress according to Selye is considered through the prism of the development of immunodeficiency conditions in athletes and is classified based on the mechanisms of action and the time of their occurrence. The available data make it possible to identify disorders in the functioning of the immune system in a timely manner and choose appropriate measures for the prevention and treatment of immunodeficiency in athletes, restoring their active sports activities.
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Статья поступила в редакцию 09.01.2024; одобрена после рецензирования 17.02.2024; принята к публикации 20.02.2024.
The article was submitted 09.01.2024; approved after reviewing 17.02.2024; accepted for publication 20.02.2024.
Информация об авторах:
Алиева Дилфуза Акмалевна - к.м.н. Самаркандский государственный медицинский университет, Самарканд, Узбекистан. Е-mail: alievada@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-2646
Источники финансирования: Работа не имела специального финансирования.
Конфликт интересов: Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов, связанных с публикацией настоящей статьи.
Вклад авторов:
Алиева Д.А. - идеологическая концепция работы, написание текста; редактирование статьи, сбор и анализ источников литературы, написание текста.
Information about the authors:
Dilfuza A. Alieva – PhD. Samarkand state medical university. Samarkand, Uzbekistan;
E-mail: alievada@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-2646
Sources of funding: The work did not receive any specific funding.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no explicit or potential conflicts of interest associated with the publication of this article.
Contribution of the authors:
Alieva DA - ideological concept of the work, writing the text; editing the article; collection and analysis of literature sources; writing the text.
