SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME: CURRENT CONCEPTS OF PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Keywords:
short bowel syndrome, intestinal failure, malabsorption, parenteral nutrition, intestinal adaptationAbstract
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a severe form of chronic intestinal failure resulting from significant reduction of the small intestinal length and impaired digestion and nutrient absorption. The aim of this literature review is to systematize current knowledge on the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment principles of SBS in both adults and children. The review highlights mechanisms of intestinal adaptation, the role of gut microbiota, biochemical and hormonal alterations, as well as modern approaches to nutritional support, including parenteral nutrition and the use of GLP-2 analogs. Special attention is given to a multidisciplinary approach and emerging perspectives in intestinal transplantation and regenerative medicine. Early diagnosis and comprehensive management significantly improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
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