METHODS OF HISTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE LUNG ENDOTHELIUM
Keywords:
diabetes mellitus, endothelial dysfunction development, angiogenic functionsAbstract
The medical and social significance of diabetes mellitus is determined by the progressive increase in the frequency of the disease, as well as the development of vascular complications that invalidate and reduce the quality of life in patients of working age. It is now recognized that the vascular endothelium is a multifunctional organ. Endothelial cells are metabolically active and possess paracrine, endocrine and autocrine functions necessary to maintain vascular homeostasis under physiological conditions. Endothelial functions include regulation of vascular integrity and permeability, angiogenesis, hemostasis. Such complications include microangiopathies, including nephro-, retino- and neuropathies, as well as macroangiopathies, including coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases, for the development of which diabetes mellitus is a proven risk factor. The mechanism of development of angiopathies in diabetes mellitus is multifactorial, but most researchers agree that hyperglycemia, triggering a complex of pathological reactions, including non-enzymatic glycosylation, oxidative stress and inflammation, is a key link in their occurrence and development.
References
Gozhenko A.I., Kuznetsova A.S., Kuznetsova E.S., et al. Endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of complications of diabetes mellitus. Message and . Endothelial dysfunction: etiology, pathogenesis and diagnostic methods // Endocrinology’. - 2017. - Vol.22. - No. 2. - pp. 171-181. [Gozhenko A.I., Kuznetsova H.S., Kuznetsova K.S. et al. Endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of complications of diabetes mellitus. Message I. Endothelial dysfunction: etiology, pathogenesis and diagnostic methods. Endocrinology. 2017;22(2):171−181. (In Russian).]
Vasina L.V., Petrishchev N.N., Vlasov T.D. Endothelial dysfunction and its main markers // Regional blood circulation and microcirculation. - 2017. - Vol.16. - No. 1. - pp. 4-15. [Vasina L.V., Petrishchev N.N., Vlasov T.D. Markers of endothelial dysfunction. Regional blood circulation and microcirculation. 2017;16(1):4-15. (In Russian).] https://doi.org/10.24884/1682-6655-2017-16-1-4-15
Vasina L.V., Vlasov T.D., Petrishchev N.N. Functional heterogeneity of the endothelium (review) // Arterial hypertension. - 2017. - Vol.23. - No. 2. - pp. 88-102. [Vasina L.V., Vlasov T.D., Petrishchev N.N. Functional heterogeneity of the endothelium (review). Arterial hypertension. 2017;23(2):88-102. (In Russian).] https://doi.org/10.18705/1607-419X-2017-23-2-88-102
Yu Melnikova.S., Makarova T.P. Endothelial dysfunction as a central link in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases // Kazan Medical Journal. - 2015. - Vol.96. - No. 4. - pp. 659-665. [Melnikova Yu.S., Makarova T.P.] Endothelial dysfunction as a key link in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. Kazan Medical Journal. 2015;96(4):659-665. (In Russian).] https://doi.org/10.17750/KMJ2015-659
Vlasov T.D., Nesterovich I.I., Szymanski D.A. Endothelial dysfunction: from particular to general. A return to the "old paradigm"? // Regional blood circulation and microcirculation. - 2019. - Vol.18. - No.2. - pp. 19-27. [Vlasov T.D., Nesterovich I.I., Shimansky D.A. Endothelial dysfunction: from particular to general. Return to the "Old Paradigm"? Regional hemodynamics and microcirculation. 2019;18(2):19-27. ( In Russian).] https://doi.org/10.24884/1682-6655-2019-18-2-19-27
