HEMODYNAMICS OF ADOLESCENT ATHLETES DEPENDING ON THE FOCUS OF THE TRAINING PROCESS

Abstract

Monitoring the indicators of central hemodynamic allows us to judge with high accuracy the effectiveness of adaptation to physical activity and timely detect a decrease in the functional capabilities of the body. The purpose of the study was to study the hemodynamic of teenage athletes depending on the sports experience and the focus of the training process. 125 young athletes 11-17 years old from Samarkand were examined. Of these, 81 (65.1%) were boys and 44 (34.9%) teenage girls. For the study of general physical performance, a bicycle ergometric test was used using the Excalibur sport bicycle ergometer (Netherlands). During the test, the examined electrocardiogram was continuously monitored using a biomonitor included in the 6 EK-4 polycardiograph kit (Germany). Blood pressure was determined by Korotkov's auscultation method at each minute of loading and restitution. During the entire loading and restitution period, a monitor analysis of air exhaled on an open-type automatic gas analyzer Spirolyt-2 (Germany) was carried out. In the long- term adaptation of the cardiovascular system, two stages are clearly traced during physical activities of anaerobic-aerobic orientation. In the first year of study, there is a sharp increase in hemodynamic support for the fulfillment of the critical power load, which gradually decreases over the next two years. The next stage begins in the third year of classes, when there is again an even greater increase in hemodynamic and stabilization at this level in subsequent years. Parallel dynamics of cardiac index and shock index values was revealed, from which it follows that long-term adaptation of the cardiovascular system during exercise of anaerobic-aerobic orientation is most associated with a change in the contractility of the heart.