БИОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ MDCO ПРИ КОРРЕКЦИИ ПЛОСКОСТОПИЯ
Ключевые слова:
MDCO, биомеханика стопы, плоскостопие, подошвенная фасция, давление в суставах, походка, стабильность сводаАннотация
Медиальное смещение кальканеальной остеотомии (MDCO) все чаще применяется для коррекции деформаций плоскостопия. Цель исследования — оценить влияние MDCO на биомеханику стопы, включая изменения в напряжении подошвенной фасции, стабильность медиального свода, давление в суставах и параметры походки.
Методы: Проведен систематический обзор 27 исследований, включающих данные кадаверических исследований, биомеханических моделей и клинических наблюдений. Извлекались и статистически анализировались параметры: напряжение подошвенной фасции, динамика медиального свода и давление в суставах.
Результаты: MDCO показала значительное снижение напряжения подошвенной фасции, нормализацию повышенного давления в суставах и улучшение стабильности медиального свода стопы. Кроме того, наблюдались положительные изменения в параметрах походки после операции.
Вывод: Полученные данные подтверждают эффективность MDCO в коррекции плоскостопия за счет оптимизации распределения сил и улучшения суставной биомеханики. Однако некоторые исследования отмечают негативное влияние на функцию мелких пальцев стопы и потенциальный риск развития артроза голеностопного сустава. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования для уточнения критериев отбора пациентов и оценки долгосрочных результатов.
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