ТАНГЛАЙ ЁРИҒИ БЎЛГАН БОЛАЛАРДА ПАЛАТОПЛАСТИКАДА ЛУНЖ ЁҒ ТАНАСИ ЛАҲТАКИНИ ҚЎЛЛАШНИ ОПТИМАЛЛАШТИРИШ: КЛИНИК-ИММУНОМОРФОЛОГИК ТАҲЛИЛ

Abstract

This study is devoted to the development and scientific substantiation of the optimal tactics for using a fatty body scrap in primary and secondary palaplastics in children with congenital chest clefts. Clinical and immunomorphological analysis of the results was conducted in 72 children aged 9 months to 2 years. In the main group (38 children), a fatty scrap of the neck was used, and in the control group, traditional methods were used. The timing of epithelialization, frequency of complications, restoration of speech and swallowing functions, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ), lymphocytic profile (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+), as well as the expression of VEGF and TGF-β in tissues were assessed. The use of a fat patch showed a significant reduction in healing time, a decrease in the frequency of rashes and inflammation, an improvement in speech function, and more pronounced tissue regeneration. The obtained results allow us to consider a fatty scrap of the neck as a preferred method with an immunomodulatory effect. Recommendations have been developed for individualizing the surgical approach based on the patient's immune status. The presented data contribute to improving the standards of specialized care for children with brain fractures.