THE PROBLEM OF VARIABILITY, VARIATION AND VARIABILITY IN MODERN LINGUISTICS

Abstract

This article explores the phenomenon of variability in language and analyzes the semantic differences between the concepts of variability, variativity, and variantness. It discusses how social aspects affect the variability of the language system. It is emphasized that variability is a natural aspect of language development, determined by both linguistic and external factors. This property is inherent at all levels of language, from phonetics to stylistics, and manifests in the diversity of forms and types of language units. It is noted that variability is not limited by the structure of the language, its geographical boundaries, or temporal parameters. The article also highlights the differences between variability as the ability to change, variativity as the manifestation of this ability, and variantness, which implies a correlation between different variants. Variability means the ability of literary language units to vary. Variability is manifested in the implementation of this ability of language units at a certain stage in the functioning of the literary language. Variance implies the correlation of variants on various grounds.