BAQTRIYA HUJJATLARIDAGI TURKIY ISMLAR VA ULARNING TARIXIY TALQINI
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Baqtriya hujjatlari, turkiy shaxs ismlari, onomastika, unvonlar, ilk o‘rta asrlar Markaziy Osiyosi, turkiy-eroniy aloqalar, Sims-Williams, turkiy titulatura##article.abstract##
Ushbu maqolada Shimoliy Afg‘onistondan topilgan ilk o‘rta asrlarga oid Baqtriya huquqiy hujjatlarida qayd etilgan turkiy shaxs ismlari va unvonlari tahlil qilinadi. Ilk o‘rta asrlar Markaziy Osiyo tarixi asosan tashqi manbalar asosida tiklanadi. Bunday manbalar qatoriga Xitoy sulolaviy yilnomalari, Vizantiya, Pahlaviy, arman, suryoniy va hind yozma yodgorliklari kiradi. Ular mualliflarning siyosiy va mafkuraviy manfaatlari qolipida shakllangan. Baqtriya huquqiy hujjatlari esa mintaqaning o‘zida, amaliy huquqiy ehtiyoj uchun yaratilgan xolis ichki manba hisoblanadi. Maqolada shu hujjatlar asosida Bay, Bek, Kera To‘nga To‘nga Spara, Chor, Tetuk, Elteber (Hilitber), Halas hamda Qutlug‘ Tapag‘lig‘ Bilga Savug kabi turkiy antroponimlarning onomastik xususiyatlari va tarixiy konteksti o‘rganiladi. Tahlil hun va turkiy asosli ma’muriy-siyosiy unvonlar asta-sekin shaxs ismlarining tarkibiy qismiga aylanganini ko‘rsatadi. Shuningdek, Bek ismi atrofida besh avlodlik oila chizig‘i kuzatilib, papponimiya hodisasi yoritiladi. Materiallar turkiy-baqtriy va turkiy-so‘g‘d aloqalari bilan bog‘liq aralash onomastik muhitni aks ettiradi hamda turkiy ism va unvon an’anasining dastlabki bosqichini hujjatlashtiradi. Natijalar qadimgi turkiy va qadimgi uyg‘ur tili bilan sezilarli uzviyliklarni namoyon etadi.
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