COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

Abstract

Aim. Research of cognitive impairments in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Materials and methods. 130 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were examined at the Khorezm branch of the Republican Research Center of Hematology and Transfusiology of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Scientific research was based on the results of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who received inpatient treatment from 2014 to 2023.material and methods. 130 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were examined at the Khorezm branch of the Republican Research Center of Hematology and Transfusiology of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The research was based on the results of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who received inpatient treatment between 2014 and 2023. Of these, 71 were
men (54.6%) and 59 were women (45.4%). The ratio of men to women is 1.2:1. The patients included patients aged 46 to 86 years, including 13 patients (15.5%) aged 13 to 44 years, 25 patients (29.8%) aged 45 to 59 years, 37 patients (44.0%) aged 60 to 74 years, and 9 patients over 75 years. (10.7%).). the patients included patients aged 46 to 86 years, including 13 patients (15.5%) aged 13 to 44 years, 25 patients (29.8%) aged 45 to 59 years, 37 patients (44.0%) aged 60 to 74 years, 9 patients over 75 years of age (10.7%).). The average age of patients is 64.07±9.56 years (p<0.05). The cognitive functions of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Function Assessment Scale (MoCA). The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the normality of the Moca scale distribution. Since the Shapiro-Wilk tests showed that the distribution of signs was abnormal, nonparametric Wilcoxon tests were performed at the beginning of the study and 3 months later to compare the values of the results. Results. At the start of the study, cognitive impairment was observed in 78.46% of 130 patients (Moca<26), and 33.85% complained of memory loss. The average score on the MoCA scale was 23 points [20; 25]. At the time of 78.46 out of a, 33.85% complained of memory loss. The average score for the results. At the start of the study, cognitive impairment was observed in 78.46 of 130 patients (MoCA<26), and 33.85% complained of memory loss. The average score on the Moca scale was 23 points [20; 25]. Three months after the start of the study, cognitive impairment was observed in 81.97% of 122 patients (MoCA<26). The average score on the Moca scale was 23 points [19; 24]. The average age of patients with normal Moca scores was 55.91±8.5 years, and in patients with cognitive impairment it was 65.94±8.43 years. The
Wilcoxon test showed statistically significant differences in Moca scores at the beginning of the study and over time. When analyzing the indicators of the MoCA scale, patients showed the greatest decrease in memory areas, that is, a slowdown in visual-constructive skills, productivity and creativity. Speech, attention, and thinking were affected to a lesser extent. Conclusion. Cognitive impairments lead to difficulties associated with non-compliance with the treatment regime and hospital stay, as well as a decrease in the quality of life. Traditional treatment regimens and blood transfusion protocols often include medications that cause further cognitive impairment, such as corticosteroids, benzodiazepines, and cholinolytics. Treatment of any tumor disease deepens existing disorders.