EXPRESSIONS OF THE DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITIES IN AVESTA THEOLOGY IN THE GATHAS AND YOUNG AVESTA
Keywords:
zoroastrianism, Zoroaster, Avesta, Ahura Mazda, Gathas, “Little Avesta”, Ahriman, Yasht, Yasna, cult, Upanishads, Asha, Vohu Mana, Khshastra Varya, Spenta Armaiti, DurujAbstract
In this article, the “Gathas” are expounded on the basis of monotheistic ideas, while the later created, “Mlado Avesta”, is described as a kind of distribution of tasks conditioned by real rules, that is, political views in the ritual practices of seminal social beliefs. In turn, the of the founder of the religion Zoroaster was scientifically analysed in relation to the period of ignorance, so the ancient roots of the religion were adapted by the Asatiras to the spirit of Zoroastrianism, the book of Avesta collected texts from different epochs, for the plurality of opinions stated in the “Gatha” and “Mlado Avesta” prove that these two sources were created in different periods of history.
References
Авесто. Тарихий адабий ёдгорлик. / Асқар Маҳкам таржимаси. – Т.: Шарқ, 2001. – Б.12- 13. (Avesta. Historical literary monument. / Translation by Askar Mahkam. - T.: Sharq, 2001. - P.12-13.)
Авеста: энциклопедик луғат. Г.Махмудова, М.Исҳоқов ва б. Тошкент: “Noshir” нашриёти, 2020. - 448 б. (Avesta: an encyclopedic dictionary. G. Makhmudova, M. Ishakov and others. Tashkent: “Noshir” publishing house, 2020. - 448 p.)
Gershevitch E. The Avestian Himn to Mithra. Cembredje, 1959. – P.20-21.
Исҳоқов М. Авеста: Зардушт “Гоҳ”лари (маъно ўгирмалари ва герменевтик талқинлари). –T.: 2021. - 304 б. (Ishakov M. Avesta: Zoroastrian "Gohs" (interpretations and hermeneutic interpretations). - T.: 2021. - 304 p.)
Исҳоқов М.М. Марказий Осиё халқларининг қадим ва илк ўрта асрлардаги маънавий ва маърифий ҳаёти ҳақида айрим мулоҳазалар // Ўзбекистон тарихи моддий маданият ва ёзма манбаларда. – Т.: Фан, 2005. – Б. 286-288 б. (Ishakov M.M. Some reflections on the spiritual and educational life of the peoples of Central Asia in the ancient and early Middle Ages // History of Uzbekistan in material culture and written sources. - T.: Science, 2005. - B. 286-288 p.)
Уразова Р.Т., Қўшманова Л.У. Зардуштийлик илоҳиёт тизимининг шаклланиш босқичларида Каёнийлар масаласи. // Қазақтану (Казахаведение). – ҚзР.: Чимкент, 2009. - №1 (18). – Б.115-120. (Urazova R.T., Koshmanova L.U. The question of Kayanis in the stages of formation of the Zoroastrian theological system. // Kazakhtanu (Kazakhavadenie). - QzR.: Shymkent, 2009. - No. 1 (18). - B.115-120.)
Уразова Р.Т. “Авесто”да ёвузликнинг универсал қиёфаси. Илмий-таҳлилий ахборот. Ўзбекистон Республикаси Вазирлар Маҳкамаси ҳузуридаги Тошкент ислом университети. – Тошкент, 2011. - № 1. – Б.57-60. (Urazova R.T. The universal image of evil in "Avesta". Scientific and analytical information. Tashkent Islamic University under the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan. - Tashkent, 2011. - No. 1. - B.57-60.)
Уразова Р.Т. Зардуштийликдаги маъбудаларнинг тарихий-ижтимоий таҳлили. – Т.: Ўзбекистон миллий энциклопедияси, 2013. - 146 б. (Urazova R.T. A socio-historical analysis of goddesses in Zoroastrianism. - T.: National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan, 2013. - 146 p.)
Urazova R. Ameshaspentals and their functional analysis in Avesta (Asha-Vahishta and Vahu-mana). Germaniya: https://berlinstudies.de/index.php/berlinstudies. – S.17-44.
Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президентининг 2017 йил 24 майдаги ПҚ-2995-сонли “Қадимий ёзма манбаларни сақлаш, тадқиқ ва тарғиб қилиш тизимини янада такомиллаштириш чора-тадбирлари тўғрисида”ги Қарори. (Decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated May 24, 2017 No. PQ-2995 “On measures to further improve the system of preservation, research and promotion of ancient written sources”).