THEORETICAL, LEGAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF PROSECUTION AUTHORITIES IN COORDINATING THE FIGHT AGAINST VIOLATIONS OF LAW IN THE CREDIT SECTOR
Keywords:
credit sector, violations of law, prosecutorial supervision, prosecutorial coordination, financial and banking system, economic security, non-performing loans, banking secrecy, conflict of interests, legalization of criminal proceeds, AML/CFT, digital monitoring, risk-based supervision, specialized prosecutorsAbstract
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical, legal, institutional and practical aspects of the activities of prosecution authorities in coordinating the fight against violations of law in the credit sector. Credit relations are examined as a significant financial and legal institution that directly affects the stability of the banking system, economic security, public trust in financial institutions and the investment environment. From this perspective, violations in the credit sector are considered not merely as private contractual disputes between banks and clients, but as a systemic phenomenon capable of undermining financial discipline, increasing corruption risks, facilitating the legalization of criminal proceeds, expanding the share of non-performing loans and threatening the economic interests of the state. The article substantiates the coordinating function of the prosecution authorities as an independent area of prosecutorial activity aimed at ensuring legality, strengthening interagency cooperation, preventing offenses and improving the effectiveness of competent public bodies. Particular attention is paid to cooperation between the prosecution authorities, the Central Bank, tax authorities, financial monitoring bodies, commercial banks and law enforcement agencies in detecting, preventing and suppressing violations in the credit sector. Based on scholarly approaches and practical materials, the article argues for a transition from a predominantly reactive model of response to a risk-based and preventive model of prosecutorial coordination. The study also examines the experience of Germany, the United States, Russia and the recommendations of the FATF in a comparative legal context. As a result, the article proposes the establishment of specialized prosecutors for financial offenses, the introduction of a unified digital monitoring platform, the improvement of interagency information exchange, the application of RegTech and SupTech tools, and the strengthening of preventive prosecutorial analysis in the credit sector.
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