ISSUES OF DISTINGUISHING CRIMINAL OFFENSES IN THE SPHERE OF CRYPTO-ASSET TURNOVER AND MINING FROM RELATED AND SIMILAR CRIMES
Keywords:
criteria for distinguishing, demarcation chain, competition of criminal law norms, prohibition of analogy, currency offenses, illegal entrepreneurship, hidden mining, concurrence of offensesAbstract
This article examines the criteria for the scientific differentiation (demarcation) of new digital crimes in the sphere of crypto-asset turnover (Article 2788 of the Criminal Code) and illegal mining (Article 2789 of the Criminal Code) from traditional economic, property and technological offenses provided for by the Criminal Code. The normative-dispositional approach, the theory of demarcation by object and subject matter, and the economic-functional model developed in criminal law doctrine are comparatively examined, and the author’s own proposals are put forward. Based on an analysis of cases from national judicial and investigative practice, the doctrinal rules and legal markers for distinguishing crypto-crimes from illegal entrepreneurship (Article 188 of the Criminal Code), currency offenses (Article 177 of the Criminal Code), theft (Article 169 of the Criminal Code) and classic computer crimes (Articles 2781–2787 of the Criminal Code) are systematized. As a result of the study, the need to observe the prohibition of analogy, the proportionality of punishment and the principle of guilt, as well as to unify judicial practice, is theoretically substantiated.
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