SUKUKNI HUQUQIY JIHATDAN TARTIBGA SOLISHDAGI YONASHUVLAR. INDONEZIYA, MALAYZIYA VA BUYUK BRITANIYADA SUKUK EMISSIYASINI HUQUQIY TARTIBGA SOLISHNING QIYOSIY TAHLILI
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Islom moliyasi, islom banki, sukuk, mushoraka, muzoraba, obligatsiya, islom moliyaviy xizmatlari, ishonch investitsiya sertifikatlari, derivativlar, sekyutarizatsiya##article.abstract##
Sukuk tuzilmasi qimmatli qog‘ozlar ichida obligatsiyalarga juda yaqin tuzilishga ega. Ko‘pgina yurisdiksiyalar Sukuk chiqarishga ruxsat berish uchun obligatsiyalarga nisbatan qo‘llaniladigan qoidalarni Sukukka qo‘llashni eng maqbul huquqiy еchim sifatida tanlagan. Biroq, Sukukni obligatsiyalardan ajratib turish uchun to‘g‘ri huquqiy va tartibga soluvchi me'yorlar muhim ahamiyatga ega. Ushbu maqola turli mamlakatlarda Sukuk chiqarish uchun belgilangan huquqiy va tartibga soluvchi doiralarni taqqoslash va Sukuk chiqarishni osonlashtiradigan asosiy qoidalarni o‘rganishga qaratilgan. Maqola ayrim mamlakatlarda Sukuk chiqarishni ta'minlaydigan huquqiy va tartibga soluvchi yondashuvlarni tahlil qiluvchi taqqoslash usuliga asoslangan. Ushbu maqolda keltirib o‘tilgan ayrim ma'lumotlar Indoneziya, Malayziya va Buyuk Britaniya kabi mamlakatlarning tegishli qonunlari va qoidalaridan, shuningdek, huquqiy adabiyotlar va ilmiy maqolalardan to‘plangan. Tadqiqot natijalari Sukukni tartibga solish ikki yo‘l bilan amalga oshirilishini ko‘rsatadi. Birinchisi, alohida qonun qabul qilish va ikkinchisi esa amaldagi qonunchilikka o‘zgartirishlar kiritish orqali. Xalqaro tajriba shuni ko‘rsatadiki, sukukni chiqarishga ruxsat berish uchun uni an'anaviy obligatsiyalar darajasida tartibga solish zarur bo‘lgan holatlarda oldindan ishlab chiqilgan va amal qilish mumkin bo‘lgan modellarga murojaat etish zarur. Bu ba’zi yurisdiksiyalar tomonidan sukukning tartibga soluvchi doirasini amalga oshirish bo‘yicha eng yaxshi tajribalarni berib, sukuk bozoridagi o‘rnini mustahkamlash uchun mahalliy qoidalarning kuchaytirilishiga yordam beradi.
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