A COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS OF LIABILITY FOR CRIMINAL OFFENSES RELATED TO CRYPTO-ASSETS IN THE CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF SELECTED FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Keywords:
crypto-asset, blockchain, comparative legal analysis, administrative prejudication, market abuse, artificial intelligence, remote seizure, virtual walletAbstract
This article provides a comparative legal analysis of criminal liability for offenses related to crypto-assets in the criminal legislation of selected foreign countries and CIS states. The experiences of the USA, the European Union, Singapore, South Korea, Russia, and Kazakhstan are examined, identifying their positive aspects and systemic gaps. The author engages in scientific polemics with Western and Eastern scholars regarding repressive approaches, corporate criminal liability, and the specific objects of crypto-theft. As a result of the study, specific legislative proposals are put forward to improve the Criminal Code and the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan. These include introducing liability for crypto-market manipulation, establishing the use of artificial intelligence as an aggravating circumstance, and creating a mechanism for the remote seizure (freezing) of digital assets.
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